Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | ESSAY
Hard
The Federal Energy Agency issued a permit allowing a private company to build a transmission line through a national forest. The agency skipped a notice-and-comment step required by statute. Three plaintiffs sued in f...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc., Hunt v. Washington State Apple Advertising Commission, Summers v. Earth Island Institute
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
...days during the last convention; that order expired before appellate review could occur. Which statement best describes mootness? The best answer accounts for both voluntary cessation and the short-duration exception to...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc., Southern Pacific Terminal Co. v. ICC, Roe v. Wade
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
A city ordinance imposes a $10,000 civil penalty on any organization that distributes anonymous campaign flyers within 60 days before a municipal election. A civil-rights group plans to distribute anonymous flyers cri...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner, Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
A federal agency issued a permit allowing a private company to drain wetlands next to a city park. A neighborhood association sued in federal court, alleging that the agency misread the governing statute. The complain...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc., Summers v. Earth Island Institute
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
...judgment. The newspaper petitions the United States Supreme Court for review. Which statement best describes the Supreme Court's power to review the judgment? The best answer applies the adequate-and-independent-state-gr...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Michigan v. Long
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
A senator sent a letter asking a federal district court to declare whether a proposed bill would be constitutional before Congress votes on it. In a separate action, a medical-device manufacturer sued for a declarator...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Muskrat v. United States, Aetna Life Insurance Co. v. Haworth
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
A trade association of independent pharmacies challenged a state rule requiring pharmacies to disclose customer records to a state database. The association alleges that several named member pharmacies must comply nex...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Hunt v. Washington State Apple Advertising Commission, Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc.
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | ESSAY
Medium
Congress appropriated funds for grants to private schools, including religious schools, to buy math textbooks. A federal taxpayer sued, claiming the grants violate the Establishment Clause. A second taxpayer sued to c...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Frothingham v. Mellon, Flast v. Cohen, Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc., Craig v. Boren, Havens Realty Corp. v. Coleman
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | ESSAY
Hard
...se the government's position is correct." Analyze the Article III and judicial review issues raised by these four matters. This essay tests advisory opinions, declaratory judgments, Supreme Court state-court review, adeq...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, Marbury v. Madison, Muskrat v. United States, Michigan v. Long, Ex parte McCardle, United States v. Klein
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
Congress enacted a statute appropriating money for grants to private elementary schools, including religious schools, to purchase science equipment. A federal taxpayer sued, alleging that the statute violates the Esta...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Frothingham v. Mellon, Flast v. Cohen, Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc.
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
...to perform the legal duty. Which statement most accurately describes judicial review? The best answer captures Marbury's judicial-review principle while preserving Article III jurisdictional limits. U.S. Const. art. III...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Marbury v. Madison
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
Four federal suits are filed. In the first, voters argue that their state no longer has a republican form of government because state initiatives can override statutes. In the second, a removed federal officer challen...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Baker v. Carr, Luther v. Borden, Nixon v. United States, Rucho v. Common Cause
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | ESSAY
Hard
Four lawsuits reach federal court. In the first, voters allege that their state government is not "republican" because the legislature allows statewide initiatives to override statutes. In the second, a federal judge...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Baker v. Carr, Luther v. Borden, Nixon v. United States, Rucho v. Common Cause, Japan Whaling Association v. American Cetacean Society
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | ESSAY
Hard
..., including voluntary cessation and capable-of-repetition-yet-evading-review. This essay tests ripeness, pre-enforcement review, mootness, voluntary cessation, and capable-of-repetition-yet-evading-review. U.S. Const. ar...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Abbott Laboratories v. Gardner, Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus, Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc., Southern Pacific Terminal Co. v. ICC, Roe v. Wade
Question
Constitutional Law | Judicial Review and Justiciability | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Hard
While several appeals were pending in the Supreme Court from lower federal-court judgments against the United States, Congress enacted a statute providing: "The Supreme Court shall have no appellate jurisdiction over...
Citations: U.S. Const. art. III, sec. 2, Ex parte McCardle, United States v. Klein, Marbury v. Madison
Question
Evidence | Privileges | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Medium
...cidentally produces one privileged attorney-client email among 40,000 reviewed documents. Defendant had used keyword screening and attorney review before production, discovered the error two days later, and promptly noti...
Citations: Fed. R. Evid. 502(b)
Question
MPT | Time Management and Outlining | ESSAY
Medium
A bar review student says, "My MPT plan will be the same for every task: read everything, write a full case brief for each authority, and then start typing a polished answer when I feel ready." The student also says fina...
Citations: NCBE MPT preparation materials, NCBE MPT overview
Question
Constitutional Law | First Amendment | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Medium
A city auditor's job includes reviewing contracts for waste and writing internal reports. After finding serious overbilling, the auditor writes a required report to her supervisor. The city later disciplines her for the...
Citations: U.S. Const. amend. I, Garcetti v. Ceballos, Pickering v. Board of Education
Question
Business Associations | Directors and Officers | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Easy
A corporation's board approved a new product line after reviewing market studies, asking questions of management, and discussing the risks. The product failed and caused a substantial loss. A shareholder sues the directo...
Citations: Model Business Corporation Act director standards
Question
Torts | Defamation | ESSAY
Hard
A food critic wrote an online review of Kaito's restaurant. The review said: "In my opinion, Kaito is a fraud. I have seen records proving he waters down premium sake and charges customers full price." The critic had see...
Citations: NCBE MBE Subject Matter Outline, Torts, Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., Restatement (Second) of Torts
Question
Supplemental - Not MEE July 2026 | Recognition and Enforcement | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Medium
...ition of a foreign-country money judgment by proving that the foreign judicial system does not provide impartial tribunals or procedures compatible with basic due process. What is the best result? The correct answer iden...
Citations: Uniform Foreign-Country Money Judgments Recognition Act, Due process principles
Question
Civil Procedure | Summary Judgment | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Medium
A plaintiff moved for summary judgment on one contract claim. While reviewing the papers, the judge concluded that the defendant might be entitled to judgment on a different claim that no party briefed. The judge wants t...
Citations: Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(f)
Question
Torts | Defamation | MULTIPLE_CHOICE
Easy
A restaurant reviewer wrote, "The soup tasted like dishwater, and eating there was a crime against lunch." The review disclosed the meal the reviewer ate and did not imply undisclosed facts about health violations or cri...
Citations: NCBE MBE Subject Matter Outline, Torts, Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
Question
Torts | Privacy Torts | ESSAY
Hard
...required passengers to accept terms allowing in-car video "for safety review and dispute resolution." Nora booked a ride from a counseling clinic to her home. During the ride, the driver zoomed a dash camera toward Nora'...
Citations: NCBE MBE Subject Matter Outline, Torts, Restatement (Second) of Torts